

President Dr. Julius Maada Bio has urged world leaders to invest more in preventing conflict and improving lives, warning that military action alone cannot deliver lasting peace.
Speaking at the General Debate of the 81st United Nations General Assembly in New York on Tuesday, 22 September 2026, President Julius Maada Bio said global military expenditure reached almost US$2.9 trillion in 2025, its eleventh consecutive annual increase. Countries had legitimate security needs, he acknowledged, but the resources available for war stood in troubling contrast to those committed to development.
“The connection between peace and development must therefore move from our resolutions into our budgets,” President Julius Maada Bio said. He argued that hunger, exclusion, unemployment and weak institutions create conditions in which insecurity takes root.
The President cited atrocities and displacement in Sudan, continuing violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and terrorism across West Africa and the Sahel. Although each conflict has different causes, he said, they demonstrate the limits of a response based on military force alone.
Drawing on Sierra Leone’s recovery from civil war, President Julius Maada Bio recalled that the formal end of fighting was only the beginning of peace. Families had to return home, communities had to rebuild relationships and institutions had to regain public confidence. The United Nations supported Sierra Leone through disarmament, elections and peacebuilding, he said, showing what international cooperation can achieve.
That experience shaped his message on the Assembly’s theme: “Restoring Trust, Managing Transformation: A United Nations That Delivers for All.” The phrase “for all,” he said, should be judged by whose voices influence decisions and whether those decisions reach people furthest from power.
President Julius Maada Bio called for international law to be applied consistently. On the Middle East, he urged the protection of civilians, humanitarian access and respect for the Palestinian people’s right to self-determination through a viable Palestinian state living alongside Israel in peace and security. He also called for progress on nuclear disarmament through diplomacy.
A major part of the address focused on reforming the UN Security Council. President Julius Maada Bio said the Council still reflects the power structure of 1945, while Africa, a continent of more than 1.6 billion people, has no permanent seat despite being the subject of much of its work.
He reaffirmed the Common African Position, set out in the Ezulwini Consensus and Sirte Declaration, which seeks at least two permanent African seats and five non-permanent seats. If the veto is retained, he said, African permanent members should have the same rights and privileges as other permanent members.
As Coordinator of the African Union Committee of Ten, Sierra Leone would continue pressing for reform, President Julius Maada Bio said. He called on UN Member States to produce a consolidated reform model before the end of the current General Assembly session.
The President also pointed to Sierra Leone’s 2024–2025 term on the Security Council. He said the country had drawn attention to Africa’s historical exclusion, placed conflict-related food insecurity on the agenda and worked with Guyana on a resolution concerning young people’s role in peace and security.
President Julius Maada Bio argued that unequal representation also affects international financial institutions. Developing countries need stronger voting power, affordable finance, concessional resources and fairer treatment of debt, he said. They should also have an equal role in setting international tax rules, a goal Sierra Leone supports through a proposed UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation.
Reparatory justice was another focus of the speech. President Julius Maada Bio referred to a UN General Assembly resolution led by Ghana concerning the trafficking and enslavement of Africans. For Sierra Leone, he said, that history is close to home: thousands of Africans were transported into enslavement from Bunce Island, while Freetown later became a home for formerly enslaved and liberated Africans.
He called for acknowledgement, a formal apology, the return of cultural heritage and fair redress, saying the effects of slavery remain visible in global disparities of wealth, power and opportunity.
Turning to Africa’s critical minerals, President Julius Maada Bio warned that the global shift to cleaner energy must create jobs and industry in the countries supplying those resources. Processing minerals at source, transferring technology and building local industries could give young Africans better opportunities, he said.
“The green transition must not reproduce the extractive terms of the past,” he told the Assembly. He linked access to jobs and skills with peace, warning that young people denied opportunity can become vulnerable to exploitation, smuggling and dangerous migration.
The President cited Feed Salone, Free Quality School Education and Sierra Leone’s 2024 Prohibition of Child Marriage Act as examples of his Government’s domestic priorities. Protecting girls’ education and freedom, he said, forms part of meaningful development.
He also urged developing countries to participate in writing the rules for artificial intelligence. The technology could improve education, healthcare, agriculture and public administration, but it could widen inequality if knowledge and decision-making remain concentrated in a few countries.
On climate change, President Julius Maada Bio described families in Shenge watching the sea take land, fishing grounds and ancestral graves. He called for predictable climate finance, support for adaptation and effective arrangements to address loss and damage.
President Julius Maada Bio supported reforms to make the United Nations more effective and called on Member States to consider appointing a woman as its next Secretary-General. He also sought support for Sierra Leone’s nominee, Professor Charles Chernor Jalloh, in the November election for a judge of the International Court of Justice.
He closed by urging the Assembly to give people reason to believe that cooperation works and promises made at the United Nations will be honoured. The words “for all,” he said, must become the measure of its work. https://thecalabashnewspaper.com/archives/64891





